Vol. 27 Núm. 94 (2022)
Investigación

DISEÑO Y VALIDACIÓN DE UNA ESCALA DE ROLES DE OBSERVADORES DE BULLYING Y SU EXPLICACIÓN DESDE EL DESLIGAMIENTO MORAL

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  • Mauricio Herrera-López,
  • Diana Marcela Pantoja Anama,
  • Maria Alejandra Viteri Eraso
Mauricio Herrera-López
Universidad de Nariño
Diana Marcela Pantoja Anama
Universidad de Nariño
Maria Alejandra Viteri Eraso
Universidad de Nariño

Publicado 2022-07-01

Palabras clave

  • Acoso escolar; adolescentes; observación; escalas de medición; validez; Colombia.

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue diseñar y validar una escala de roles de observadores de bullying (5-EROB), en una muestra incidental de 1,019 adolescentes del sur de Colombia. Se analizaron evidencias de validez de contenido y de constructo. La validez predictiva se analizó con la Escala de Desligamiento Moral de Bandura. La 5-EROB presentó óptimas propiedades psicométricas para una estructura de cinco factores: observador pro-agresor, defensor, indeciso, indiferente y no implicado. Los análisis destacan que el rol pro-agresor se explica directamente por la compa­ración ventajosa, la atribución de la culpa y la deshumanización; mientras que el defensor se explica inversamente por el desplazamiento de la responsabilidad y la deshumanización. Los resultados validan el uso de la escala 5-EROB, pionera en el contexto colombiano y latinoamericano.

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